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050 4 QC881.2.I6 -- .M634 2014eb
082 0 551.51
100 1 Huba, J. D
245 10 Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere
250 1st ed
264 1 Washington :|bAmerican Geophysical Union,|c2014
264 4 |c©2013
300 1 online resource (350 pages)
336 text|btxt|2rdacontent
337 computer|bc|2rdamedia
338 online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier
490 1 Geophysical Monograph Ser. ;|vv.201
505 0 Intro -- Modeling the Ionosphere- Thermosphere System --
Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction --
Section I: Physical Processes -- Ionosphere-Thermosphere
Physics: Current Status and Problems -- 1.INTRODUCTION --
2.MISSINGPHYSICSINGLOBALPHYSICS-BASEDIONOSPHERE-
THERMOSPHEREMODELS -- 3.SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Physical
Characteristics and Modeling of Earth's Thermosphere --
1.INTRODUCTION -- 2.THE GAS LAW AND HYDROSTATIC BALANCE --
3. CONTINUITY EQUATION -- 4. LAGRANGIAN VERSUS EULERIAN
FRAMES OF REFERENCE -- 5. HORIZONTALLY STRATIFIED FLUID
AND OTHER COMMON ASSUMPTION -- 6. CORIOLIS EFFECT -- 7.
VISCOUS DRAG -- 8. ION DRAG -- 9. MOMENTUM EQUATION -- 10.
ENERGY EQUATIONS -- 11. NEUTRAL COMPOSITION -- 12. GLOBAL
WIND, TEMPERATURE, DENSITY, AND COMPOSITION STRUCTURE --
13. THERMAL EXPANSION -- 14. NEUTRAL COMPOSITION BULGE --
15. WINDS AND NONLINEARITIES AT HIGH LATITUDE -- 16.
CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Solar Cycle Changes in the
Photochemistry of the Ionosphere and Thermosphere -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. RESULTS -- 3. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES
-- Energetics and Composition in the Thermosphere -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. DATA AND MODELS THAT HAVE INCREASED OUR
UNDERSTANDING OF -- 3. THE CONTINUITY EQUATION, THE ENERGY
EQUATION, AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS -- 4. THE CAUSES OF
TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN THE LOW AND MIDDLE LATITUDES OF
THE UPPER THERMOSPHERE DURING GEOMAGNETIC STORMS -- 5.
SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Section II: Numerical Methods --
Numerical Methods in Modeling the Ionosphere -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. GENERAL EQUATIONS -- 3. FIELD-ALIGNED
DYNAMICS -- 4. CROSS-FIELD DYNAMICS -- 5. SUMMARY --
REFERENCES -- Ionospheric Electrodynamics Modeling -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. EQUATIONS OF IONOSPHERIC
ELECTRODYNAMICS -- 3. MODELING IONOSPHEREMAGNETOSPHERE
COUPLING -- 4. MODELING IONOSPHERIC CONDUCTIVITIES -- 5.
MODELING THERMOSPHERIC WINDS
505 8 6. PLASMA GRAVITY AND PRESSUREGRADIENTCURRENTS -- 6.
PLASMA GRAVITY AND PRESSUREGRADIENTCURRENTS -- 7. SOLVING
FOR THE ELECTRIC POTENTIAL -- 8. IONOSPHERIC CURRENT
SYSTEM AND GEOMAGNETIC PERTURBATIONS -- 9. FUTURE
DIRECTIONS -- REFERENCES -- Section III: IT Models -- The
NCAR TIE-GCM: A Community Model of the Coupled
Thermosphere/Ionosphere System -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2.
MODEL DEVELOPMENT HISTORY -- 3. MODEL DESCRIPTION -- 4.
SOME MODEL VALIDATION EXAMPLES -- 5. FUTURE IMPROVEMENT
AND DEVELOPMENT PLANS -- REFERENCES -- The Global
Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model and the Nonhydrostatics
Processes -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. GLOBAL IONOSPHERE-
THERMOSPHERE MODEL -- 3. NONHYDROSTATIC PROCESSES -- 4.
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION -- APPENDIX A: EQUATIONS IN GITM
MODEL -- REFERENCES -- Traveling Atmospheric Disturbance
and Gravity Wave Coupling in the Thermosphere -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. GLOBAL THERMOSPHERE-IONOSPHERE MODEL --
3. SIMULATION SETUP -- 4. SIMULATION RESULTS -- 5. SUMMARY
-- REFERENCES -- Air Force Low-Latitude Ionospheric Model
in Support of the C/NOFS Mission -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2.
MODEL DESCRIPTION AND OUTPUT -- 3. A STATISTICAL STUDY OF
LOW-LATITUDE IONOSPHERIC DENSITIES -- 4. SUMMARY AND
DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- Long-Term Simulations of the
Ionosphere Using SAMI3 -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MODEL
DESCRIPTION -- 3. SAMI3 COMPARISONS WITH IGS TEC DURING
THE WHOLE HELIOSPHERE INTERVAL 2008 -- 4. MODELING
VERTICAL DRIFTS -- 5. MODELING THE DESCENDING PHASE OF
SOLAR CYCLE 23 (2002-2008) -- 6. SUMMARY OF RESULTS --
REFERENCES -- Section IV: Validation of IT Models --
Comparative Studies of Theoretical Models in the
Equatorial Ionosphere -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. TRANSPORT
PROCESSES IN THE IONOSPHERE -- 3. PARTICIPATING MODELS IN
EQUATORIAL-PRIMO -- 4. MODEL COMPARISONS IN AMERICAN
SECTOR (75°W) -- 5. SOURCES OF MODEL DISCREPANCIES
505 8 6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS -- REFERENCES --
Systematic Evaluation of Ionosphere/Thermosphere (IT)
Models: CEDAR Electrodynamics Thermosphere Ionosphere
(ETI) Challenge (2009-2010) -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2.
OBSERVATIONAL DATA -- 3. MODELS -- 4. METRICS -- 5.
RESULTS -- 6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES --
Section V: IT Coupling: Above and Below -- Aspect of
Coupling Processes in the Ionosphere and Thermosphere --
1. ION-ELECTRON COLLISIONS -- 2. ION ELECTRON COLLISIONS -
- 3. ION-NEUTRAL COLLISIONS IN THE UPPER THERMOSPHERE --
4. ION-NEUTRAL COLLISIONS IN THE LOWER THERMOSPHERE -- 5.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Use of NOGAPS-
ALPHA as a Bottom Boundary for the NCAR/TIEGCM -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. MODEL DESCRIPTIONS -- 3. MODEL RESULTS
-- 4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- WACCM-X Simulation of
Tidal and Planetary Wave Variability in the Upper
Atmosphere -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE THERMOSPHERE
EXTENSION OF THE WHOLE ATMOSPHERE COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL
(WACCM-X) -- 3. MODEL RESULTS -- 4. DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY
-- REFERENCES -- Inductive-Dynamic Coupling of the
Ionosphere With the Thermosphere and the Magnetosphere --
1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. INDUCTIVE-DYNAMIC COUPLING VERSUS
ELECTROSTATIC COUPLING -- 3. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION --
REFERENCES -- Section VI: Equatorial Ionospheric Processes
-- Ionospheric Irregularities: Frontiers -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. FUNDAMENTALS -- 3. E REGION
IRREGULARITIES -- 4. F REGION IRREGULARITIES -- 5.
COLLISIONAL DRIFT WAVE INSTABILITIES -- 6. SUMMARY AND
CONCLUSIONS -- APPENDIX B: BOURRET'S INTEGRAL EQUATION --
REFERENCES -- Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of
Equatorial Spread F: Results and Diagnostics in the
Peruvian Sector -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. NUMERICAL
SIMULATIONS -- 3. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSIONS -- REFERENCES --
Density and Temperature Structure of Equatorial Spread F
Plumes
505 8 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SAMI3 SIMULATIONS -- 3. IONIZATION
CRESTS WITHIN AN ESF PLUME -- 4. THERMODYNAMICS OF AN ESF
PLUME -- 5. TIME EVOLUTION OF AN ESF PLUME -- 6.
DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- Low-Latitude Ionosphere and
Thermosphere: Decadal Observations From the CHAMP Mission
-- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CHAMP MISSION AND DATA -- 3.
OBSERVATIONS OF THE IONOSPHERE -- 4. OBSERVATIONS OF THE
THERMOSPHERE -- 5. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK -- REFERENCES -
- Section VII: Data Assimilation -- Upper Atmosphere Data
Assimilation With an Ensemble Kalman Filter -- 1.
INTRODUCTION -- 2. ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER -- 3. EFFECTS OF
SELF-CONSISTENT TREATMENT OF THE THERMOSPHERE AND
IONOSPHERE -- 4. GEOPHYSICAL INFORMATION CONTENT OF
DIFFERENT OBSERVATIONS -- 5. ESTIMATION OF MODEL
PARAMETERS -- 6. MODEL ERROR ISSUES -- 7. SUMMARY --
REFERENCES -- Scientific Investigation Using IDA4D and
EMPIRE -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. IDA4D -- 3. EMPIRE -- 4.
IDA4D AND EMPIRE SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS -- 5. FUTURE
RESEARCH: A NEW PLASMASPHEREIONOSPHERE DATA ASSIMILATION
MODEL -- 6. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Section VIII:
Applications -- Customers and Requirements for Ionosphere
Products and Services -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SPACE
WEATHER IMPACTS -- 3. SYSTEM IMPACTS AND CUSTOMERS -- 4.
OPERATIONAL MODELS -- 5. THE SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION
TESTBED -- 6. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Model-Based
Inversion of Auroral Processes -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2.
OVERVIEW OF THE FORWARD PROBLEM -- 3. MATHEMATICAL
DESCRIPTION OF THE FORWARD PROBLEM -- 4. CHARACTERISTIC
RESPONSES -- 5. FREDHOLM FORMULATION -- 6. TIME HISTORY --
7. INVERSION APPROACHES -- 8. VALIDATION -- 9. FUTURE
DIRECTIONS: ACCESSING HIDDEN STATES OF THE I-T SYSTEM --
REFERENCES -- AGU Category Index -- Index
520 Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the
Geophysical Monograph Series
588 Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other
sources
590 Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
Ebook Central, 2020. Available via World Wide Web. Access
may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated
libraries
650 0 Ionosphere -- Mathematical models.;Thermosphere --
Mathematical models.;Atmospheric thermodynamics.;Dynamic
meteorology
655 4 Electronic books
700 1 Khazanov, G. V
700 1 Schunk, Robert W
776 08 |iPrint version:|aHuba, J. D.|tModeling the Ionosphere-
Thermosphere|dWashington : American Geophysical Union,
c2014|z9780875904917
830 0 Geophysical Monograph Ser
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