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1 online resource (224 pages) |
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text txt rdacontent |
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computer c rdamedia |
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online resource cr rdacarrier |
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Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Symbols and units -- Part I: Crystalline Silicon Module Technology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Solar cell properties -- 2.1 Types of solar cells -- 2.2 IV parameters and the electricmodel -- 2.2.1 IV curve -- 2.2.2 One-diode model -- 2.2.3 Deriving circuit parameters from measuredIV curves -- 2.2.4 Two-diode model with reverse breakdown -- 2.3 Cell efficiency -- 2.4 Spectral response -- 2.5 Temperature coefficients for cell power -- 2.6 Low light response -- 2.7 Mechanical properties -- 2.8 Thermomechanical properties -- 2.9 Cellmetallization and contact pads -- 2.9.1 Front-to-back contact cells -- 2.9.2 Back contact cells -- 2.10 Antireflective texturing and coating -- 3 Module design, materials, and production -- 3.1 Cell interconnection -- 3.1.1 Ribbons and wires -- 3.1.2 Structured interconnectors -- 3.1.3 Conductive backsheet -- 3.1.4 Cell shingling -- 3.1.5 Soldering processes -- 3.1.6 Solders -- 3.1.7 Electrically conductive adhesives -- 3.1.8 Joint characterization -- 3.2 Covers and encapsulants -- 3.2.1 Front cover -- 3.2.2 Rear cover -- 3.2.3 Encapsulants -- 3.2.4 Edge sealed designs without encapsulant -- 3.2.5 Laminate characterization -- 3.3 Junctions and frame -- 3.4 Module production -- 3.4.1 Production process -- 3.4.2 Production equipment -- 3.5 Module recycling -- 4 Basic module characterization -- 4.1 Light IV measurement -- 4.2 Energy rating -- 4.3 Dark IV measurement -- 4.4 Electroluminescence imaging -- 5 Module power and efficiency -- 5.1 IV parameters and electricmodel -- 5.2 Partial shading and hot-spots -- 5.3 Power and efficiencymodel -- 5.4 Geometrical effects -- 5.5 Optical effects -- 5.5.1 Air/glass and glass/encapsulant interface reflection (f1, f3) -- 5.5.2 Glass and encapsulant bulk absorption (f2, f4) -- 5.5.3 Active area interface reflection (f5) |
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5.5.4 Active area multiple reflection (f6) -- 5.5.5 Finger multiple reflection (f7) -- 5.5.6 Cell interconnector shading and multiple reflection (f8) -- 5.5.7 Cell-spacingmultiple reflection (f9) -- 5.6 Electrical effects -- 5.6.1 Cellmismatch (f10) -- 5.6.2 Series resistance losses (f11, f12, f13) -- 5.7 Comprehensivemodel -- 6 Module performance -- 6.1 Irradiationmodels -- 6.2 Temperature effects -- 6.3 Irradiance level -- 6.4 Irradiance angle -- 6.4.1 Incidence angle modifiers -- 6.4.2 Angular distribution of radiation -- 6.5 Irradiance spectrum -- 6.6 Bifacial irradiance -- 6.7 Energy payback time -- 7 References -- Part II: Crystalline Silicon Module Reliability -- 8 Characterization of modules and degradation effects -- 8.1 Destructive analytics -- 8.1.1 Gel content analysis -- 8.1.2 Differential scanning calorimetry DSC -- 8.1.3 Dynamic mechanical analysisDMA -- 8.1.4 Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy EDX -- 8.1.5 Auger electron spectroscopy AUGER -- 8.1.6 Peel testing -- 8.2 Non-destructive analytics -- 8.2.1 IV-curve measurements -- 8.2.2 Internal and external quantum efficiency IQE and EQE measurements -- 8.2.3 Photoluminescence PL imaging -- 8.2.4 Gloss- and colour measurement -- 8.2.5 Raman spectroscopy -- 8.2.6 Nanoindentation -- 8.2.7 Fourier-Transform FT-IR/UV/vis measurement -- 8.2.8 Scanning acoustic microscopy SAM -- 9 Loads for PV Modules -- 9.1 External loads -- 9.1.1 UV-radiation -- 9.1.2 Temperature -- 9.1.3 Humidity -- 9.1.4 Mechanical loads -- 9.1.5 Corrosivity -- 9.1.6 Other chemical loads -- 10 Accelerated aging tests -- 10.1 Light sources -- 10.2 Climatic chambers -- 10.3 Procedures -- 11 Reliability testing of materials -- 11.1 Equipment -- 11.2 Procedures -- 12 Reliability testing of modules -- 12.1 Equipment -- 12.2 Procedures -- 13 PV module and component certification -- 13.1 Type approval testing IEC 61215 |
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13.2 Safety testing IEC 61730 -- 14 References -- Index |
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Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources |
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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2020. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries |
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Print version: Wirth, Harry Photovoltaic Modules : Technology and Reliability
Berlin/Boston : De Gruyter, Inc.,c2016 9783110348279
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| Subject |
Photovoltaic power systems--Equipment and supplies
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Electronic books
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| Alt Author |
Weiß, Karl-Anders
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Wiesmeier, Cornelia
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