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008 200713s1991 xx o ||||0 eng d
020 9780309575430|q(electronic bk.)
020 |z9780309046985
035 (MiAaPQ)EBC3376446
035 (Au-PeEL)EBL3376446
035 (CaPaEBR)ebr10056719
035 (CaONFJC)MIL21154
035 (OCoLC)697744882
040 MiAaPQ|beng|erda|epn|cMiAaPQ|dMiAaPQ
050 4 TD178.5.O67 1991
100 1 Development, Committee on Opportunities in Applied
Environmental Research and
245 10 Opportunities in Applied Environmental Research and
Development
264 1 Washington, D.C. :|bNational Academies Press,|c1991
264 4 |c©1991
300 1 online resource (185 pages)
336 text|btxt|2rdacontent
337 computer|bc|2rdamedia
338 online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier
505 0 Opportunities in Applied Environmental Research and
Development -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents --
Opportunities in Applied Environmental Research and
Development -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- Appendix A
Waste Reduction: Research Needs In Applied Social Sciences
-- SUMMARY -- WASTE REDUCTION -- APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE
RESEARCH NEEDS -- MEASUREMENT -- INSTITUTIONAL AND
BEHAVIORAL BARRIERS -- POLICY INCENTIVES -- NONINDUSTRIAL
SECTORS: THREE EXAMPLES -- Agriculture -- County and
Municipal Governments -- Waste Reduction in Municipal
Wastewater Management -- WASTE REDUCTION: RESEARCH NEEDS
IN APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES -- INTRODUCTION -- Background -
- Previous Studies by the National Research Council --
Workshop Focus -- WASTE REDUCTION -- Current Definitions -
- Basic Concepts -- THE NEED FOR APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE
RESEARCH -- Barriers to Waste Reduction Research -- Lack
of Research Programs and Expertise -- Commitment to
Applied Social Science -- DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT --
Background -- Measurement at the Micro Level --
Measurement at the Aggregate Level -- Measurement Issues -
- Measurement Research Needs -- INSTITUTIONAL AND
BEHAVIORAL BARRIERS -- Background -- Accounting and
Financial Analysis -- Management of Innovation --
Organizational Goals and Effectiveness -- Contingency
Organization Theory -- Corporate Strategy -- Behavioral
Questions in Other Sectors -- Institutional and Behavioral
Issues -- Institutional and Behavioral Research Needs --
PUBLIC POLICY INCENTIVES -- Background -- Existing Policy
Incentives -- Economics of Waste Reduction --
Implementation -- Issues Concerning Policy Incentives --
Research Needs on Policy Incentives -- NONINDUSTRIAL
SECTORS THREE EXAMPLES -- Research Needs in Agriculture --
County and Municipal Research Needs -- Municipal
Wastewater Treatment Research Needs -- REFERENCES
505 8 WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS AND AGENDA -- WORKSHOP PAPERS --
RESEARCH NEEDS FOR WASTE REDUCTION -- Background --
Previous NRC Studies -- Research Issues in Waste Reduction
-- I. DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT OF WASTE REDUCTION -- II.
INSTITUTIONAL & BEHAVIORAL BARRIERS TO WASTE REDUCTION
(Background: see esp. papers by Hollod, Todd, Ashford) --
III. PUBLIC POLICY INCENTIVES FOR WASTE REDUCTION
(Background: see esp. papers by Curlee, Nichols, McHugh) -
- Caveat -- PARTIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY -- ECONOMIC, ENGINEERING,
AND POLICY OPTIONS FOR WASTE REDUCTION -- INTRODUCTION:
SOME BACKGROUND COMMENTS AND QUESTIONS -- FACTORS
INCREASING WASTES GENERATION -- Product Mix and Product
Proliferation -- Product Output Specifications -- New
Products -- TECHNOLOGIC OPTIONS FOR WASTE REDUCTION --
STIMULI TO WASTE REDUCTION -- External Factors -- Internal
Factors -- Governmental Actions -- Responses to Stimuli --
CONCLUDING COMMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ACCOUNTING AND THE
ENVIRONMENT: PATCHING THE INFORMATION FABRIC -- Nature of
Accounting -- Proposal I-Revisions To Product Costing
Systems -- Proposal II: Capital Markets and The Valuation
Of Firms-Levelling The Playing Field -- ENDNOTES --
ACCOUNTING AND THE ENVIRONMENT: PATCHING THE INFORMATION
FABRIC -- SOURCE REDUCTION: WHAT IS IT AND HOW CAN WE
ACCOMPLISH IT? -- INTRODUCTION -- THE DEFINITION OF SOURCE
REDUCTION -- THE CASE STUDY -- REPORTING RELEASES --
MEASURING SOURCE REDUCTION -- REGULATION OF SOURCE
REDUCTION -- THE REAL ISSUE -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- APPENDIX
-- USE OF OFF-SITE RECYCLED SOLVENT -- ON-SITE RECYCLING -
- PURCHASE NEW DEGREASER -- PURCHASE CARBON ADSORPTION
DEVICE -- SUMMARY OF SOURCE REDUCTION OPTIONS --
REFERENCES -- Appendix B Measuring Change in Ecosystems:
Research and Monitorning Strategies -- MEASURING CHANGE IN
ECOSYSTEMS: RESEARCH AND MONITORING STRATEGIES --
INTRODUCTION -- PRINCIPAL FINDINGS -- CONCLUSIONS
505 8 REFERENCES -- WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS -- WORKSHOP PAPERS --
ECOSYSTEM RISK ASSESSMENT: CASE STUDIES OF NATURAL
RESOURCE PERTURBATION -- Ecosystem Perturbation -- Case
Studies -- Mono Basin -- Glen Canyon -- Relationships To
Epa Priorities -- SELECTED DEVELOPMENT NEEDS FOR ASSESSING
ECOLOGICAL RISK AT THE COMMUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM LEVEL --
Administrative/Management -- Examples of Existing Programs
-- Technical -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Appendix C Research to
Improve Predictions of Long-Term Chemical Toxicity --
SUMMARY -- RESEARCH TO IMPROVE PREDICTIONS OF LONG-TERM
CHEMICAL TOXICITY -- INTRODUCTION -- STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY
RELATIONSHIPS -- Status and Outlook -- Research and
Resource Needs -- Review of SAR Methodologies --
Validation -- Availability of Relevant Toxicological Data
-- Treatment of Physicochemical Properties in Models of
Long-Term Toxicity -- The Molecular Basis of Toxic Effects
-- Incorporation of Functional Criteria Relating to
Toxicological End Points -- Development of Methods for
Identifying Nongenotoxic Carcinogens -- Funding -- SHORT-
TERM IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO TESTS -- Properties, Uses, and
Limitations of STTs -- Research and Resource Needs --
Recruitment and Training of Personnel -- Application to
Nonbinary Toxicological End Points -- Coordination of Test
Development and Validation -- Assessment of Applicability
to Regulatory Uses -- Application To Human Specimens --
Broadening the Spectrum of Toxicological End Points --
Periodic Re-evaluation and Revalidation -- More Adequate
Reporting of Relevant Data -- Extrapolation to Humans --
Further Problems and Uses of STTs -- More Effective
Coordination of Test Development and Validation -- WHOLE-
ANIMAL TESTS -- The Strategies of Whole-Animal Tests --
RESEARCH AND RESOURCE NEEDS -- Validation by Appropriate
Studies in Human Subjects -- Funding -- Broadening of Risk
Assessment End Points
505 8 Re-evaluation of Risk Assessment Models -- Elucidation of
Causative Mechanisms of Toxicity -- Grouping of Chemicals
by Mechanisms of Toxicity -- Methodologies for Complex
Mixtures -- Studies in Animals with Special Phenotypes and
Genotypes -- Integrated Analysis of Dose-Response
Relationships -- VALIDATING PREDICTIVE TESTS -- Status and
Outlook -- Research Needs and Possibilities -- Studies of
Heavily Exposed Populations -- International
Epidemiological Studies -- Registries of High-Level
Exposures -- Improvement of Exposure Measurement and
Quantification -- Biological Markers of Exposure and
Effect -- Molecular Approaches -- Information on Disease
Incidence -- Training -- STRATEGY, POLICY, AND RESOURCES -
- Linking and Integrating Evaluative Approaches --
Structure-Activity Relationships -- Short-Term In-Vitro
and In-Vivo Tests -- Whole-Animal Tests -- Validation --
Research Needs and Possibilities -- Potency and Severity
of Toxic Response -- Exposure Assessment -- Evaluation of
Mixtures -- Research Incentives -- Coordination and
Planning -- REFERENCES -- RELATED PUBLICATIONS -- WORKSHOP
PARTICIPANTS -- Appendix D Research Needs in Anticipation
of Future Environmental Problems -- SUMMARY -- RESEARCH
NEEDS IN ANTICIPATION OF FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS --
INTRODUCTION -- Past Anticipatory Research Efforts --
Workshop Focus -- IDENTIFICATION OF ARISING PROBLEMS --
Monitoring Physical Phenomena -- Societal and Economic
Monitoring -- Forecasting Long-Term Socioeconomic Trends -
- Goal- and Surprise-Oriented Scenario Construction --
Comparative Experience -- Specific Areas That Require
Monitoring -- Biotic Monitoring -- Abiotic Monitoring --
Societal Monitoring -- Information Dissemination -- TWO
POTENTIAL PROBLEMS ADVANCED MATERIALS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
-- Renewable Energy -- Advanced Materials -- DESIGN FOR AN
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH PROGRAM
505 8 Objectives of an Anticipatory Research Program --
Implementation -- Institutional Arrangements --
Environmental Scientists and Engineers -- Environmental
Research and Development Funding -- ASSEMBLING AN
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM --
CONCLUSIONS -- WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS -- Appendix E
Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and
Resources -- STAFF
588 Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other
sources
590 Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
Ebook Central, 2020. Available via World Wide Web. Access
may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated
libraries
650 0 Environmental protection -- Research.;Pollution --
Research -- United States.;Environmental policy -- United
States
655 4 Electronic books
700 1 Council, National Research
700 1 Studies, Division on Earth and Life
700 1 Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources
776 08 |iPrint version:|aDevelopment, Committee on Opportunities
in Applied Environmental Research and|tOpportunities in
Applied Environmental Research and Development|dWashington,
D.C. : National Academies Press,c1991|z9780309046985
856 40 |uhttps://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/sinciatw/
detail.action?docID=3376446|zClick to View
