MARC 主機 00000nam  2200277   4500 
001    AAI3334197 
005    20100824140750.5 
008    100824s2008    ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d 
020    9780549862024 
035    (UMI)AAI3334197 
040    UMI|cUMI 
100 1  Neil, Kaesha 
245 10 Effects of urbanization on flowering phenology in Phoenix,
       USA 
300    104 p 
500    Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-
       10, Section: B, page: 5886 
502    Thesis (Ph.D.)--Arizona State University, 2008 
520    Phenology has experienced a resurgence of interest in the 
       last few decades because it is a way to understand how 
       global climate change and urbanization affects ecosystem 
       structure and function. Both animals and plants 
       demonstrate changes in phenology and recently, some cases 
       of historically interdependent species (e.g., pollinators 
       and plants) have become less synchronized. The purpose of 
       this study was to determine (1) historical trends in 
       flowering phenology of Sonoran desert plants in urban and 
       non-urban areas, (2) if land cover or water availability 
       causes changes in flowering phenology in brittlebush 
       (Encelia farinosa), and (3) if brittlebush pollinators 
       vary in availability in different land cover types and 
       over time. Moreover, a lesson was developed to teach the 
       interactions of flowering phenology, pollinators, and the 
       environment. Herbarium records from Arizona State 
       University were used to analyze historical flowering 
       trends. Land cover and water availability effect on 
       flowering phenology was tested by placing brittlebush 
       plants in three land cover types with three water 
       treatments and tracking flowering over the spring. 
       Brittlebush pollinators were studied over the same time 
       period in the brittlebush experiment. About 16% of the 
       plants in the herbarium study demonstrated a change in 
       flowering phenology over time (predominately earlier) and 
       about 28% showed a difference in flowering time between 
       Maricopa county and other counties in Arizona. Brittlebush
       plants in mesiscaped urban sites were found to have 
       bloomed later, longer, and at a higher percentage than 
       brittlebush in desert fringe and desert remnant sites. In 
       addition, there was no difference found in flowering 
       phenology between plants in desert fringe and desert 
       remnant sites. Water treatment had no apparent affect on 
       flowering phenology. Pollinator abundance and richness was
       lowest in mesiscaped urban sites. Desert remnant sites 
       were lower in abundance, but not richness, than desert 
       fringe sites. Furthermore, only hymenoptera pollinator 
       abundance, but not coleoptera, lepidoptera, or diptera, 
       was significantly higher in desert fringe land cover types
       than desert remnant and mesiscaped urban sites. In 
       conclusion, the spatiotemporal flowering pattern of 
       Sonoran desert plants was elucidated, with specific 
       attention paid to the brittlebrush flowering cues modified
       by urbanization and associated pollinators 
590    School code: 0010 
650  4 Biology, Ecology 
690    0329 
710 2  Arizona State University 
773 0  |tDissertation Abstracts International|g69-10B 
856 40 |uhttp://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/
       advanced?query=3334197